BETWEEN PROTECTION AND AUTONOMY: EDUCATIONAL CHALLENGES IN THE FACE OF GROWING CONCERNS ABOUT THE EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

Abstract

The profound social, cultural and technological transformations experienced in recent decades have placed the emotional well-being of children and adolescents at the centre of educational debate. Growing concern for mental health and socio-emotional development has encouraged schools to adopt new responsibilities aimed at promoting student well-being. However, this evolution also raises important challenges related to balancing the protection of childhood with the progressive development of personal autonomy. This article reflects on this educational tension through an analysis of contemporary social changes and their impact on schools. It also examines the role of educational guidance and counselling as a key element in promoting emotionally healthy environments while fostering resilience, responsibility, coping skills and autonomy. Finally, the paper argues for a conception of emotional well-being that integrates support and challenge, protection and personal growth, contributing to the development of individuals capable of facing the challenges of the twenty-first century in a balanced and responsible way.